Rigths and Obligations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rigths and Obligations - Research Paper Example In addition, defective products could cause direct or indirect harm to consumers. In such a case, product manufacture may fall under the legal requirement of explaining the reason for a sub-standard product in their market segments. In this regard, product defects should be taken seriously by a manufacturer in order to avoid possible legal sanctions by relevant authorities and concerned consumer protection agencies. As an employee of the company, it would be professional to notify high level managers about the product defect. According to O’Reilly (2007), this can only be done through a systematic and procedural manner in order to avoid raising unnecessary tensions within the board of directors and the chief executive officer’s team. In this context, lack of significant knowledge on the company’s ethical standards requires approach of the product defect issue from a technical perspective. As an employee of the company, I will categorically and explicitly present my concerns about a defective product within the consumer market. Managers will have to acknowledge the fact that the defective product signifies technical hitches within production and distribution lines. Thorough evaluation of production designs, packaging practices and even product transportation could feature as the main cause of the problem under consideration. In this case, I would take the opportunity given in the meeting to postulate about existence of technical shortfalls within the company’s production lines, which needs immediate attention to avoid unprecedented challenges. O’Reilly (2007) says that presence of practical evidence in form of actual product with defects would facilitate conveyance of the message to the managers and their new chief executive. Standard operation procedures within a sound business environment emphasize that organizations should strictly follow specific safety guidelines in product manufacturing. In an event that production depart ment makes defective products, the manufacturing company becomes solely responsible for any risk and harm involved when such products reach innocent consumers in the market. Sernaker (2010) states that in this case a company should immediately notify customers about the product defect to prevent any potential risk and injury to customers. The company can only notify customers once an objective testing and product analysis substantiates that the product is unsafe for use. With respect to my company, the process of notifying consumers begins with locating exact defective products within the market. Managers can achieve location of products through records on distribution channels and major retail outlets. Upon identifying exact locations of products, management should device mechanisms meant to reach individual customers via information contained in their sales records. Once customers are aware of the defects, the company may opt to temporarily stop production of the product in order to avoid further sales to consumers. According to O’Reilly (2007), continued production and distribution will hold the company even more responsible for neglect of safety programs towards the public consumer market. Product recall succeeds notification of customers. O’Reilly (2007) agrees that recalled products can be destroyed or repaired, and

Ethical Issues In Information Systems Privacy

Ethical Issues In Information Systems Privacy This essay aims to identify the ethical, social, professional and legal issues relevant to social media. It is a literature review that will present some of the key issues in both privacy and security subject matters. It is divided into several parts and to begin, it will present what social media is as well as mention some of the issues that users have had regarding the use of social media. It will then explain the ethical, social professional and legal issues related to the use social media. The essay will mainly be focusing on social networking and will present a balanced overview of some of the opposing perspectives of the issues presented. To conclude, the essay will reflect critically on these various perspectives, assess some of the key issues that have been presented and propose some appropriate solutions or courses of action from the perspective of an ethical IT professional. Social Media covers many aspects such as, blogs, videos, podcasts, discussion forums and social networking and the key stakeholders of social media include: programmers, developers and anyone who has access to a computer and a network. The particular aspect that will be covered is social networking. Social media may have several advantages such as keeping in touch with friends, families and coworkers enabling open communication which can lead to improved information discovery and distribution. For businesses, it can improve business reputation and can even gain a large target market with minimal use of advertising. An interesting quote from Klepic (2010), a blogger, journalist and social media innovator who uses a reasonable approach to convey how social media impacts our daily lives, states that what happens in Vegas stays in Vegas, what happens on twitter stays on Google forever. This shows that this social media user or stakeholder has used social media and has been affected by it. Nowadays, websites that no longer exist have articles taken from them and are being used by other websites to show to the public. In the case of social media, privacy is obsolete as users and stakeholders of social networking websites and blogs, no longer have any sort of confidentiality when they post pictures, videos and posts of themselves on the internet in general. Another interesting quote from a social media user called Christian Hollingsworth (2011) stated that Years ago, before Gravatars even existed, I would inflate my blog comments. What Id do is use a few of my different email addresses, and post comme nts on blog posts with pen (fake) names. I thought I was rather tricky. A few months ago I was looking through old blog posts on some old blogs, and found that those comments now had Gravatar images attached. And behold, they were all images of me! Due to my Gravatar account now linking to those email addresses. This social media user or blogger was harmlessly posting comments on other blogs using fake names for privacy reasons and was later found that due to an online social media application, an image of him was posted next to all his previous blog posts. The application or website did not mention that his old posts were going to have images of himself posted right next to his comments and therefor his right to privacy has been violated. Most of the public are using social media such as twitter and Facebook and have no knowledge on where or how their personal information is being shared. Legal Issues This section covers any questions that have any concerns on the protection that laws and regulations provide regarding social media. The rules and legislations that we will be looking at is the United Kingdom Laws (UK Laws) that help protect an individuals privacy and security rights and support ideas and concepts on privacy and security. In the Data Protection Act (1998) under Section 55 it states that it is an offence to knowingly or recklessly obtain, disclose or procure the disclosure of personal information without the consent of the data controller. This means that an individual is not allowed to obtain another persons personal information, which includes information such as name, home address and age, and expose it without the consent of that person. This applies to the use of social media as this principle is at stake. An individual can access another persons private information through blogs, for instance, and obtain his or her name or home address and expose it to others wi thout the consent of that person. The Data Protection Act (1998) states that if organizations were to collect or share an individuals information, they must use it fairly and the person has the right to know whether an organization has collected information about them and to whom they shared it with. This includes any information that has been obtained from social media websites which is stated in The Information Commissioners Office (ICO) which is the UKs independent authority. Facebook, the social networking website, was sued due to sharing personal information of individuals, such as their names, to third-party application makers without their consent or permission in late 2012 (Essers, 2012). The third-party applications, which were running through Facebooks Application Center, accessed chat logs of several users on Facebook and gained their personal information without the consent of the users. The first hearing takes place in the summer of 2013. The Data Protection Act (1998) is threatened as the social networking website gains personal information from their users and shares them to third-party application makers without the users consents. Due to wrongfully sharing personal information, users have sued Facebook. The Computer Misuse Act (1990) under Section 1: Unauthorized Access to Computer Material, Section 2: Unauthorized Access with Intent to Commit or Facilitate Commission of Further Offences, and Section 3: Unauthorized Modifications of Computer Materials, the principles are threatened. These sections of the Computer Misuse Act (1990) all deal with the offence of hacking with or without the intent to commit serious crime such as fraud. In the case of social media, it is an offence to use an individuals username and password to gain unauthorized access to social networking sites and computers to gain, share and change private information. Social networking websites can even be hacked and used to hack into computers to gain private information such as credit card information just by looking at the purchases a person has made in Facebook for instance. Another principle similar to The Computer Misuse Act (1990) is stated in the Federal Decree-Law no. 5 (2012), which was first issued in the United Arab Emirates, under Article 10 regarding hacking. The article states that there is a penalty for whoever willfully and without authorization runs a software on the computer network or an electronic information system or any information technology means, and caused them to stop functioning or being impaired, or resulted in crashing, deletion, omission, destruction of the program, system, website, data or information. This means that there is a consequence for an individual to hack into another persons computer application or systems (ex. Facebook or Forums) and change or delete any information that belongs to that person. This standard is threatened as people can gain access to website applications and alter or delete any system or information located on the network. This must not be done as there is a large penalty for undertaking such im moral conducts. Another principle that could be at stake is the Computer, Designs and Patents Act (1998). This principle or act illustrates the penalties of wrongfully sharing or transferring copyrighted information to other people. It is illegal to share information such as music, which does not belong to an individual, without the consent or permission of the owner. Social media can be easily used to share and transfer data and information, often copyrighted information, such as music, video and even images. Napster, a free music sharing network, had to be shut down due to copyright in 2001. Peer-to-peer programs and applications can be considered part of Social Media as individuals can communicate between each other through their personal computers. Napster was sued due to sharing music freely without the permission of the owners and due to the lawsuit it was shutdown (McGuinn, 2000). Ethical Issues The ethical issues that come to mind when social media is present is that social media can be used to spread distasteful information such as racism, hatred, violence and even sexual material. Organizations can send junk or chain letters that most individuals do not want. This can be related to the Human Rights Act (1998) under Section 8 where it states that everyone has the right to respect for his or her private and family life, home and correspondence. To put it simply, this means that everyone has the right to privacy. Privacy is an ethical principle that is at stake when it comes to the use of social media as social networking websites can be used to invade the privacy of others. Privacy has several meanings depending on a persons beliefs, culture and even religion and therefore different perspectives plays a huge role. However, most laws and regulations define privacy as the condition or quality of being completely free from being witnessed or seen. It is also the state of being free from information distributed from other people, whether its co-workers, friends or even family. We as individuals value the need of space and privacy and therefore it is an important aspect in our daily lives. Joseph (2007: 109) states that in the information age, the value of privacy has been eroded. We can no longer guarantee our privacy. Our right to privacy is violated when using social media. In the case of the use of social media, the Human Rights Act (1998) is threatened due to the fact that an individuals right to privacy can be vulnerable as people can obtain other peoples information and spread distasteful material about them to other people or organizations. In fact, spreading distasteful information is mainly done through social networking websites. It is an offence to publish news, pictures or comments relating to the secrets of a persons private or family life or to use another persons secret for your own, or someone elses, advantage without the consent of the person to whom the secret relates, (Garrod Smith 2011). An ethical principle very much like The Human Rights Act (1998), in the United Arab Emirates individuals have their right to privacy and there is a penalty for publishing distasteful or personal information on a person to the public. The principle of integrity can also be violated as the security of a person can be threatened. Security can be defined as the state of being completely safe from any sort of danger. As individuals we value the need of security especially when it comes to using the internet as there are many dangers of using social networks or blogs such as hacking. A persons security maybe threatened when using social media due to the fact that his or her personal information such as credit card information may be stolen. Information technology plays a huge role on several types of security which may include: Computer Security, Data Security, Application Security, Information Security and Network Security and all of these can be threatened by Malware/Adware, Viruses, Spam and Information Theft. These threats to security and information technology can be used to secretly access a computer system without the owners informed consent to perform hostile, intrusive or annoying actions. Another ethical issue of social media is false reports and acquisitions. In June of 2009 when the pop star Michael Jackson died there have been unsubstantiated reports stating that the actor Jeff Goldblum had also died and the report spread onto many people and thats when the ethics of social media were tested. According to Dodson (2009) most people thought it was a harmless rumor but in Australia, Channel 9 news spent almost two minutes in its show spreading this information to the public, saying that it was a tragedy. This entire story was a hoax and was first posted via two social media websites; Facebook and Twitter. To put it in the perspective of others, some people would have though this as a joke while others would have taken this seriously and think it was real. This means that no everything online is true. To understand Social Media and the ethical issues that arise on individuals it is important to look at the two ethical theories (Consequentialist and Deontological) and their opposing perspectives on a certain situation, an example being a users activity on YouTube. This persons activity can be viewed by other YouTube users as well as non-YouTube users, including comments posted, videos watched and videos posted. The consequentialist theorist would argue that it is acceptable for other people to see his activities while the deontological theorist would argue that his right to privacy is violated and it is wrong for people to see his activities. It is important to understand whether privacy may or may not be violated depending on the individuals theories or perspectives behind social media. Social Issues Social issues are any behaviors or conditions a person may find undesirable. Social media can have several negative effects on a person including social isolation; some people would rather browse the internet playing video games and chatting online than having an actual social life outside the internet world. According to Goldsmith (2013), witnessing friends vacations, love lives and work successes on Facebook can cause envy and trigger feelings of misery and loneliness. In social networking, most individuals only care about how many likes they have obtained on their photos or posts as opposed to what really matters which is who liked their photos or posts. Another issue according, to Yao (2012), is that stalking becomes easy. In order to search for someone, all a person needs to do is search for their name online. Loneliness is another issue as people comment on their friends pages and not yours. From the point of view of a social network user, people only contact you if they need s ome sort of assistance such as when they only want you to like their posts or images rather than having a normal friendly conversation. A person can feel lonely when they see that their friends have been invited to a large gathering that they had no idea about. From the perspective of a non-social network user, a person can feel that he or she does not exist to certain old people due to the fact that nowadays the main way of communication is through social networking websites such as Facebook or MySpace. Another issue is that some social networking users will talk to other users depending on how many friends they have. The more friends an individual has the more popular they become and therefor social interaction is at an all-time high. Another issue can be the confusion of defining a friend. A study by Weiner (2009) has shown that the traditional notion of friendship is trust, support as well as sharing similar values whereas on a social network a friend is someone whos link an individual has clicked on. In a childs perspective and in some cases adults, they can be very competitive as they talk about how many friends they have whereas most of these alleged social networking friends are not actual people that share some sort of trust or sha re similar values. Of course form the point of the view of managers, researchers as well as participants, these issues are ignored as their jobs are to solely market their products or conduct research and find new information, for example, and dont bother with the social side of their life when using social networking websites. Professional Issues Organizations need to watch what employees publicly comment about their own organizations and employers. An example would be that an employee working at an organization wrote on his profile on a social networking stating that his job was tedious and unexciting. This person can be dismissed from the organization. Another example is that what if an unhappy employee decides to complain about a company and the products they make using social networking. Consumers might think twice before buying any of that companys products. There are also legal penalties if employees view and click on offensive content on social networking websites as employers could be held liable for failing to protect workers from viewing such distasteful material. The penalties, legal costs and damages to the companys reputation can be extensive. In the BCS Code of Conduct (2011) under Article 3 of the Duty to Relevant Authority it states that a person may NOT disclose or authorize to be disclosed, or use for personal gain or to benefit a third party, confidential information except with the permission of your Relevant Authority, or as required by Legislation and may NOT misrepresent or withhold information on the performance of products, systems or services (unless lawfully bound by a duty of confidentiality not to disclose such information), or take advantage of the lack of relevant knowledge or inexperience of others. This is a direct correlation to what employees must not do to misrepresent their organization. This means that employees must not misrepresent their organizations in anyway. Social networking websites can be easily used to do misrepresent an organization to the public as the information is being passed on to other people quickly. This is also stated in the social networking website Facebook under their Facebo ok Terms of Service (2012) under Article 5; Protecting Other Peoples Rights, where it explains that an individual cannot violate a person, including companies, right to privacy and must not misrepresent said person in anyway. In Facebooks Privacy Policy under section 3: Information you share with Third Parties, it states that certain types of communications that you send to other users cannot be removed, such as messages. From the perspective of a manager or owner of an organization, this can be a threat to the company as employees can post distasteful information about the company to certain people and cannot remove or delete that information which can be a problem as that information is always there for the public to see therefore giving the organization a bad reputation. From the perspective and point of view of a professional individual or a manager as well as a social network provider, the use of social networking websites should be encouraged to employees as it is a good way to market the organization and its products as well as communicate with business partners; however the employees should not misrepresent their company to the public when using social networking. Another minor professional issue, that may be taken seriously, is an organizations bandwidth usage. Software updates from social networking websites such as Facebook or Twitter may not take up large amounts of bandwidth; however video links that are posted on these sites may create difficulties for information technology administrators in a company as there is a cost to pay, especially in terms of bandwidth-hungry applications, when browsing on the internet. Recommendations Codes and principles are necessary for the practice of social media. If every person did not play fairly and have any respect, honesty or decency, then there would be more laws and principles that would be much stricter than the current laws as social media would be chaotic. For businesses, social media is a dilemma as they need to adopt and change the way they communicate, however they realize that social media can be a threat as employee can misrepresent or express distasteful information about the organizations to the public. Every minute spent on social media websites can expose and cause a threat to the security of an organization. Organizations need to set limits and restrictions with certain monitoring systems, as to not offend an employee, to help reduce the release of any unpleasant information to the public. An optimal solution, yet not recommended (to not indicate a lack of trust from the organizations to the employees), is banning any access to social media websites. For security reasons and as a basic safeguard, organizations must have an anti-virus software setup on each computer. Social media users must ensure that they do not, under any circumstances, publish any personal or private information on social media websites. For their security, they must ensure that they have the latest version of anti-virus software installed on to their computers. Conclusion Though people are aware of their privacy and security threats, sometimes they choose to ignore them. Social media websites heavily encourage individuals to reveal information about them regardless of what the information is about. Sometimes even the brightest of intellectuals give out information that they should not have. Today, almost the full population of the world has a profile account on Facebook or Twitter and they enjoy the idea of communicating with their friends, families and coworkers online. Individuals must not forget that because they have their own profile page they can only gain access to, they must know that whatever information is written on the internet, will most likely stay there forever.

Toni Morrison Essay examples -- essays research papers

Toni Morrison The issue of abandonment and the will that it takes to survive the hardship of it is a reoccurring theme in Toni Morrison’s writing. Tar Baby, Sula and Paradise all deal with the issue of abandonment and how it relates to the characters in her stories. â€Å"Through her fiction, Toni Morrison intends to present problems, not their answers† (Moon). Her stated aim is to show "how to survive whole in a world where we are all of us, in some measure, victims of something." (Morrison) Morrison's broad vision extends beyond the individual to one that explores self-discovery in relation to a "shared history." In order to dramatize the destructive effects of this kind of dependency, she intentionally exaggerates to find the limits. In a film interview, Morrison has stated, "I suppose that in many of my novels I tend to discuss one's dependency on the world for identification, self-value, feelings of worth. The abandonment that it takes for one to gain th ese qualities is prominent in my writing.† Toni Morrison has been consistently insightful and helpful critic of her work. With regard to her novels, she has indicated that her plan was to take love and the effects of its scarcity in the world as her major themes, concentrating on the interior lives of her characters, especially those of an enclosed community. Born Chloe Anthony Wofford, on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio. The daughter of George Wofford, a shipyard welder, and his wife Ramah, Morrison was schooled by her parents in the richness of her African-American heritage and the joys of great literature. When she entered first grade, she was the only black student in her class and also the only child who had already learned to read. Since many people couldn't pronounce her first name correctly, she changed it to Toni, a shortened writing". version of her middle name. She joined a repertory company, the Howard University Players, with whom she made several tours of the South. She saw firsthand the life of the blacks there, the life her parents had escaped by moving north. After graduating, Toni was offered a job at Texas Southern University in Houston, where she taught introductory English. Unlike Howard University, where black culture was neglected or minimized, at Texas Southern they celebrated black heritage with Negro hist ory week and introduced to her the idea of b... ... of her birth, to marry, to raise a family, to become a pillar of the tightly knit black community. The other, Sula Peace, rejects all that Nel has accepted. She escapes to college, submerges herself in city life, and when she returns to her roots, it is as a rebel, a mocker, a wanton sexual seductress.†(Back Cover) The relationship between the young women throughout a certain portion of their lives was put on hold due to the distance between them. Sula chose to move away from Ohio when she was young and therefore somewhat abandoned the life that the two girls had in previous years. When reunited with Sula, Nel expresses her thoughts on the abandonment of herself by her friend: â€Å"[Sula] said doing anything forever and ever was hell. Nel didn't understand it then, but now in the bathroom, trying to feel, she thought . . . "Sula was wrong. Hell ain't things lasting forever. Hell is change." Not only did men leave and children grow up and die, but even that misery didn't last. One day she wouldn't even have that. This very grief that had twisted her into a curve on the floor and flayed her would be gone. She would lose that too†. (Morrsion, 108)

Asking for Less Homework

ASKING FOR LESS HOMEWORK There are many important things in life but one of the most important things is education. Although education is really helpful, getting extra things to do like excessive homework makes it boring. Specific studies show that excessive homework makes students and parents hate school. People say that having more homework is good for students as it helps them get higher marks and be more responsible. They also say that more homework will make students revise a lot, so you remember explanations better.They prove that by doing more homework the parents would be able to get involved more with the student's educational life and be able to help them. Elders think that by giving students extra homework they will be able to be independent thinkers and know that they can learn things outside of school. However, I found that all these above findings are untrue. More homework won't make you revise more or get good marks, it will make you tired, sleepy and exhausted and lea ve no time to revise for quizzes or tests you have on the next day.Students don't want to be responsible now, in their future life they will be responsible. Parents would make it worse if they try to help their children to understand something as they might explain it in a different way and get the child confused. Students should have less homework. They need time to be with their family. They want to have a life for themselves and want to be active e. g going to the cinema to meet friends and play sports. We would enjoy simple things like having more sleep so we can go to school fresh the next day. Read also  Homework Solutions – Chapter 3Researchers have found that students finish their homework and stay up late at night so they can have some free time. In fact some teachers have found that more homework makes the student hate the subject. The student becomes pale and bored as he has been studying his whole life. Well, teachers should ask themselves if they want us to be active and do homework together, it will never work. Ask yourself : â€Å"Do you want your child to be constantly pale, sleepy and tired? â€Å",†Do you want to see your child so fat as he eats and eats and doesn’t have time to exercise? . Think of all the questions related to this and you will find the answer to none of them. In conclusion, I would like the school to think about students rights and having less homework is one of them. All principals should remember that teens and kids want to have fun, they don’t want to be responsible now and do hard work. They will be responsi ble later and will have to do extra study to get good marks but when they want not by forcing them and punishing them if they don’t do it. Think carefully and you will eventually agree with my beliefs.

Gavin Menzies’ Voyages

Gavin Menzies Essay Gavin Menzies was a royal navy submarine captain that worked for the British government and now is trying to let the world know his opinion on the discovery of the Americas: did the Chinese discover the Americas before Columbus? Menzies takes on a voyage where he tries to find evidence to support his thesis and comes up with several different theories; his first stop: Calicut. Menzies claims that the Ming dynasty's famous navigator Zheng He managed to reach the cape of good hope and from there he should have reached the Americas too.Gavin also claims that a famous Italian writer of the time, Nicolo ‘ Di Conti, might have made contact with Zheng ‘s fleet in Calicut and might have also left with them for the New World; Unfortunately for Menzies this idea was quickly discarded for there are historical records that suggest that Di Conti immediately returned back to Italy after his trip to Calicut ( he might have also carried some Chinese maps of their voya ges with him).Menzies then pulls out some more evidence that a map found was possibly a Chinese map that led to the islands of the Antilles, but according to a few historians and cartographers, the maps were confusing inaccurate and the islands were displaced in random places. The possibility of a slipway on one of the tropical islands was rejected by many geologists that state that those rocks where there for no peculiar reason.Still not giving up on his quest, Gavin Menzies slightly alters his theory: he affirms that an Italian, Verazzano, went on a voyage with the Chinese and stating that he saw â€Å"people running like Chinese†; but as we already know, even Columbus, thought that the people he thought were Chinese but they were just the Native American tribes that lived on the coastline.It was also verified that Indigenous people were descendants of other Asian tribes that might have reached the Americas by crossing an icy passage in North America. There is no concrete i nformation or evidence that the Chinese ever got to America, because if that were so than the Chinese would have set up outposts, settled or maybe started trading the tropical goods with Europe and probably could have made a fortune!Lastly, Menzies tries convincing the people when he claims that an old Chinese report states that the Ming fleet arrived at the shore of about 3000 different countries(the only way to do this was by reaching the Americas too)! The Chinese historian that owned the archives rejects this last of Gavin's theories because of a simple calligraphy misunderstanding: the Chinese character † † means 30 and † † means 3000 so the record can be misunderstood because the record actually just meant 30 different countries†¦Any claims concerning history, especially when it has been firmly accepted by historians and other professionals on that certain topic, should have reliable and plausible evidence along with clarifications and explanations to be supported; That is how history has been built up so far and it's how it will continue to be built. When an argument concerning history that relies on inaccurate evidence and unsupported theories, such as that found in Menzies' show. The argument does not deserve to be reconsidered.

The First Stanza of The Song Of Roland Essays

The First Stanza of The Song Of Roland Essays The First Stanza of The Song Of Roland Essay The First Stanza of The Song Of Roland Essay Charlemagne, the king of France, has waged war in Spain against the Saracens for seven years. He has conquered the entire Spain and there isnt any city left to invade but only Saragossa, which is located upon a mountain. It is the city of pagan King Marsile. He has no love for God for he is a follower of Muhammad and besides, he prays to Apollo. No matter what he does, he will be unable to prevent his ruin. There is no place where we are told about these seven years except for thefirst stanza, for the rest of the poem tells about specifically the seventh year of Charlemagnes war in Spain. This stanza is definitely a brief summary of background of the whole poem, and the poet gives the course of the story immediately at the beginning. So with this opening, audiences have the basic idea of the story, which will be developed in the rest of the poem that is built upon the same basic idea. Thefirst line of this stanza begins with the name, Charles, who is the king of Franks and it is ent irely reserved for Charlemagne and his attributes. Thefirst attribute referring to Charles is ;the king; which could be simply taken as his title. But, just after that, the poet assigns another attribute, ;our great emperor;, to Charles. Although this second one seems to be very same as thefirst one atfirst glance, it means more than a title. At this point we have come to realize that the poet is also a Frank. Furthermore, here the tone is extremely emotional, for the poet expresses Franks; engagement and admiration to their king by these words. And this is developed in the rest of the poem as the concept of a good vassal. Beginning with the second line, we are introduced to the action part of the story. And we learn that the King of France is on a successful campaign in Spain. On the next line, the poet refers Spain as the ;proud land;, which is ;as far as the sea;. We cannot k

Free Essays on Themes From Lord Of The Flies

There are several themes in Lord of the Flies that can be related to everyday government. Everyone is fighting. There is a particular group that opposes other’s beliefs. This group feels that their way is the best way to get things accomplished. Some things that are brought to attention in this film are unity, democracy, liberty and freedom, and individualism. The boys in the film thought that they had to work together as one in order to get off the island. Others did not care if they got off the island and back to their families. First, the group tried working together by gathering food, building shelters to sleep under, and keeping a fire aflame at all times so that maybe they would be spotted by someone flying over or passing by. Some form of government had to be established to keep everyone unified. The group decided they needed a leader. Some thought that Jack should be the leader since he was the oldest in the group. Others thought that Ralph should be the leader since he was already the colonel. Ralph was elected leader since he was the leader at the military school where they were all enrolled. Jack believed that everyone should have the liberty to do what he or she wanted without being reprimanded for it. He decided to be a rebel against what Ralph stood and what he was trying to accomplish. Jack started up what he called â€Å"his gang† and he had several people following him. This is very much like today’s government. There is a leader and followers. Others got tired of Ralph and all of his rules and decided to join Jack’s gang. Piggy was the only one who remained loyal to Ralph and all of his ideas. They shared the same morals and beliefs. They all had their own ideas on how things should be done. Some were too shy to voice their opinions. Jack voiced his feeling and followed up on it by doing whatever he wanted. Ralph let his opinion be known as well. The others just took sides with w... Free Essays on Themes From Lord Of The Flies Free Essays on Themes From Lord Of The Flies There are several themes in Lord of the Flies that can be related to everyday government. Everyone is fighting. There is a particular group that opposes other’s beliefs. This group feels that their way is the best way to get things accomplished. Some things that are brought to attention in this film are unity, democracy, liberty and freedom, and individualism. The boys in the film thought that they had to work together as one in order to get off the island. Others did not care if they got off the island and back to their families. First, the group tried working together by gathering food, building shelters to sleep under, and keeping a fire aflame at all times so that maybe they would be spotted by someone flying over or passing by. Some form of government had to be established to keep everyone unified. The group decided they needed a leader. Some thought that Jack should be the leader since he was the oldest in the group. Others thought that Ralph should be the leader since he was already the colonel. Ralph was elected leader since he was the leader at the military school where they were all enrolled. Jack believed that everyone should have the liberty to do what he or she wanted without being reprimanded for it. He decided to be a rebel against what Ralph stood and what he was trying to accomplish. Jack started up what he called â€Å"his gang† and he had several people following him. This is very much like today’s government. There is a leader and followers. Others got tired of Ralph and all of his rules and decided to join Jack’s gang. Piggy was the only one who remained loyal to Ralph and all of his ideas. They shared the same morals and beliefs. They all had their own ideas on how things should be done. Some were too shy to voice their opinions. Jack voiced his feeling and followed up on it by doing whatever he wanted. Ralph let his opinion be known as well. The others just took sides with w...

4th Nine Weeks Test #1 Flashcards Example for Free

4th Nine Weeks Test #1 What is the background/purpose for Paul Revere’s ride? -Purpose: Inform people about a historical event, and tell them why it’s important now -Background: Paul Revere rode through a bunch of Massachusetts cities to tell people that the British were coming to invade them. Describe the plot line for â€Å"Paul Revere’s Ride†, Exposition -Exposition: This story takes place during the deep night of April 18, 1775. It is in different places in Massachusetts such as the Charlestown shore, Medford, Lexington, and Concord. It’s about Paul Revere and his friend, who lived in the early American colonies. Describe the plot line for â€Å"Paul Revere’s Ride†, Rising Action -Rising Action: He talked to his friend in the evening about how ready the would be if the British came. Just as the moon rose, a British ship, The Somerset, appeared over the bay. The friend heard the ship. He ran to the Old North Church and hung up 2 lanterns, because the British came by sea. Paul Revere saw that his friend had hung up the lanterns, so he took off fearlessly to warn people. Paul Revere warned different cities (Medford/midnight, Lexington/one am, Concord/2 am Describe the plot line for â€Å"Paul Revere’s Ride†, Climax -Climax: The narrator described that even though the British came in strong, the farmers fought back hard. The farmers won and the British retreated. Describe the plot line for â€Å"Paul Revere’s Ride†, Falling Action -Falling Action: The narrator summarizes everything that happened Describe the plot line for â€Å"Paul Revere’s Ride†, Denoument -Denoument: The narrator, as well as summarizes everything that happened, says that the history of this event is very important to our nation. We will always remember what Paul Revere did. Describe the setting of â€Å"Paul Revere’s Ride†. Night of April 18, 1775 in Massachusetts Describe the characters of â€Å"Paul Revere’s Ride†. Paul Revere, his friend, people of Charlestown, Medford, Lexington, Concord Contrast between the peaceful night and the violence of the approaching revolution. â€Å"Paul Revere’s Ride† Peaceful night for the farmers until Paul Revere came in and described that there would be a lot of violence coming-the British were looking to conquer and kill. What is the impact on the reader of the the narrative poem focus in on one person, Paul Revere, instead of a group of people who actually completed the night’s task? If it weren’t for Paul Revere, the people who completed the task wouldn’t have even known that the British were coming. He was one of the key parts of keeping America alive. What are the basics of Abraham Lincoln’s historical impact and assassination? Good president, but was beaten down a lot. Was with the North in the Civil War, and was against slavery. Was shot at the Ford Theatre, died the next day. Why were there so many details in the literature read about Abraham Lincoln? (assassination story) It was important to the whole story. It was vital to understanding all that happened and making sense of it all. Describe how there was a foreshadowing of Abraham Lincoln’s assassination. Abraham Lincoln had a dream about it Describe how the tone and effectiveness of â€Å"Oh Captain! My Captain!† by Walt Whitman would make somebody like it more. It was a poem, and it wasn’t as gory as the other story. It rhymed, and it helped me to understand a lot of what happened from the people’s perspective. Many American citizens had a connection with President Lincoln, and they were devastated when he died. He was leading the country in the right direction. Describe the extended metaphor in â€Å"Oh Captain! My Captain!†. They treated President Lincoln like the captain of the ship, and he was lying on the deck of the ship dead. What was Walt Whitman’s purpose for writing the poem, â€Å"Oh Captain! My Captain!† It gave a real sense of what it was like to lose the president. We read about it in different stories, but it’s different to see it from this perspective. What was something significant happening in the country during Mark Twain’s life? What was the event that set off Mark Twain’s job hunt and adventures? Describe Mark Twain’s personality/writing style. He’s a humorous writer, and a little quirky in a sense. He’s very philosophical, and tries to come up with morals for his stories. Why is Mark Twain let go from his jobs mentioned prior to his 2nd attempt at mining in his personal narrative? He never put any thought into them. Why did Mark Twain walk away from writing for good? He died. He never â€Å"walked away from writing†, except for two short times while writing Huckleberry Finn. What is a fable, and what is it’s purpose? Characters being animals that have personalities and traits like humans, has a moral lesson, generally written for children Mocking political figures, exaggeration to bring about change, points out flaws in a person, society, or idea. Gives inanimate objects human traits What is Twain suggesting about art critics through the words and actions of his animal characters? He’s suggesting that everybody is entitled to their own opinions. Art critics criticize paintings that other people think are beautiful. â€Å"You know something that I don’t know†, in a drama setting, specific irony happens, and it’s normally where the viewer knows what’s going to happen because it’s set up that way, and the people in the movie don’t. What was the significance of the cat’s description of a mirror in Mark Twain’s fable? The significance was that it showed the reader that maybe the cat didn’t know as much as he thought he knew. Each animal is eager to test the mirror after hearing about other’s experiences in Mark Twain’s fable. What does this reveal about human nature? Everybody wants to be right and prove the other wrong. What is the moral of Mark Twain’s fable? You can find in a text whatever you bring, if you will stand between it and the mirror of your imagination. You may not see your ears, but they will be there. realism and mark twain A Presidential Candidate Mark Twain Mark Twain "Advice to Little Girls" and "Invalid's Story" Mark Twain Gilded Age Notable People and famous quotes Samuel Clemens - Mark Twain Vocab Quiz - Mark Twain, Story of an Hour, Poems, and Wagner Matinee english// mark twain The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Chapters 4-7 Mark Twain Biography company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints We will write a custom sample essay on 4th Nine Weeks Test #1 specifically

Parents Accountability for Their Childrens Delinquency Research Paper

Parents Accountability for Their Childrens Delinquency - Research Paper Example These factors consist of criminality of the parents, cruel and futile parental discipline to adolescence, antisocial/violent behavior, lack of parental participation in the adolescence activities, constant conflict in the family, abuse and or abandonment of a children, and negative response by parents (Patterson, Forgatch, & Stoolmiller, 1998; Walker et al., 1991). Should Parents be held accountable for their children’s delinquency? As much as the threat factors for criminal act during child’s tender age are more probable to be genetic, personality, and family unit factors, the fundamental position of recognized risk factors remains with the need to be elucidated, and no particular reason justifies or explains child delinquency. Somewhat, there are bigger quantity of risk factors. According to Demuth & Brown (2004), a juvenile’s resolution to participate in offending behavior is contributed by the parent or parental figurers’ use of direct, indirect and in ternalized controls. Usually, a parent begins to use these controls in formative years and continues their usage throughout the adolescence age. The juvenile development of psychological attachment and affection to his or her parents entails indirect control. The creation of a juvenile conscience throughout his or her life involves internalized control by parental figure or parents of a juvenile. On the other hand direct control involves supervision, restriction and punishment (Demuth & Brown, 2004). Family processes and delinquency research by Demuth & Brown (2004) resolute that control by parent especially via direct control through monitoring, parental involvement, supervision and closeness are negatively associated with delinquency. The research put into consideration... According to the research findings  a number of circumstances in the juvenile’s residence have been found to predict the start and persistent patterns of children and youth unsociable behavior. These factors consist of criminality of the parents, cruel and futile parental discipline to adolescence, antisocial/violent behavior, lack of parental participation in the adolescence activities, constant conflict in the family, abuse and or abandonment of a children, and negative response by parents.From this paper it is clear that  a juvenile’s resolution to participate in offending behavior is contributed by the parent or parental figurers’ use of direct, indirect and internalized controls. Usually, a parent begins to use these controls in formative years and continues their usage throughout the adolescence age. The juvenile development of psychological attachment and affection to his or her parents entails indirect control. The creation of a juvenile conscience th roughout his or her life involves internalized control by parental figure or parents of a juvenile. On the other hand direct control involves supervision, restriction and punishment. Control by parent especially via direct control through monitoring, parental involvement, supervision and closeness are negatively associated with delinquency. The research put into consideration different actions of parental direct control, for instance, obliging juvenile children to home at a given time, and threat of punishment in case of a wrongdoing.

The Change of Female's Role in the Society Essay

The Change of Female's Role in the Society - Essay Example Whatever the exact cause, women are assuming more roles in society. The traditional woman limited herself to household chores and nurturing children. The other role involved supporting her husband emotionally to ensure he succeeded in his projects. The males took care of more tasking responsibilities. Men provided families with basic needs and ensured security to their families. Boys learnt the responsibilities expected of them at a tender age. Society also instilled girls with values that made them better nurturers. According to Makow, the traditional woman assumed the passive role in a family. However, times have changed and the female role in the family, workplace, and society has changed. The modern female does not rely completely on the man for provision of basic needs and security, while she submits passively. Contrary to the traditional females, the modern woman seeks to have a voice in making family decisions. Although still a nurturer, she takes other responsibilities and de mands equal treatment from her husband. Women realize the need for shared responsibilities in times when most economies of the world are declining. In many societies, there is rising pressure to live comfortable lives and give children quality upbringing. In such societies, a man cannot fulfill such responsibilities singlehandedly. In a society that promotes equal education opportunities for all children regardless of being male or female, women cannot sit idle with their skills. Therefore, they seek job opportunities as their male counterparts. Therefore, women contribute to family progress financially. However, critics argue that this contribution comes at the price of neglecting their responsibility as nurturers. According to Walravens, the modern woman tries to strike a healthy balance between motherhood and career (2011:2). Some societies do not believe that a woman can run both, effectively. However, the era for working women is here and society should appreciate their contrib ution. The modern female competes for senior positions in the workplace. She is more confident and is ready to take up the challenging responsibility, traditionally reserved for men. The modern female has to rise over any inferiority and vie for leadership positions. According to a study in the United Kingdom, women have better qualities that would transform the leadership systems today (Hudson R&D, 2008:3). Women of the c-level proved to be better leaders; they displayed competitive decision-making, strategic planning and critical thinking and were result-oriented, just like men. Due to their ability to consider more typically female characteristics involving altruism and openness, they scored higher in leadership. Data like this should help society realize that women maybe the transformational leaders, society urgently needs. Women pursue any career of their interest and are proving efficient in their jobs. The female is more assertive in the society today. Women are more vocal in demanding equal treatment in society. The modern woman wants society to realize that time has proved tradition wrong and that she is not inferior to man. Society should accord females more respect and appreciation for the sacrifices they make to make families a success while they are pursuing demanding careers. More women engage in politics and demand equal representation in governments. The law provides for equal representation for women in parliaments. A good number of women today hold

Students Caught Cheating or Plagiarizing Should Be Dismissed From Essay - 7

Students Caught Cheating or Plagiarizing Should Be Dismissed From College - Essay Example The present research has identified that plagiarism is an academic offense, which occurs when students copy information from materials written by other people and fail to acknowledge by citing and referencing sources of the information. This may be for example lifting texts from the internet and handing it over for marking, or purchasing papers from writers, with the intent of earning higher marks or beating deadlines for handing in their assignments (Harris 2007). Lecturers, who do not take an effort to verify the integrity of the assignments, end up awarding the high marks and believing that their students are bright while in the real sense, the opposite is true. The real essence of writing exams is to establish the capacity of the students and to take stock of the progress made in the course of learning. As such, results based on plagiarized assignments can never offer the right quality of graduates and this may have a negative effect on the kind of workforce a country depends on economic growth. It is therefore imperative to punish students caught cheating or plagiarizing in order to deter others who may be tempted to do the same. Dismissing such students from college is a viable punishment, which should be adopted by all institutions. On the other hand, there are people who feel that dismissing students from college for cheating and plagiarism is an inhumane punishment, especially for first-time offenders. They argue that there are better ways of dealing with such cases, for example failing a student in the affected subject. It is important to understand that not all plagiarism cases are intentional. According to them, students may lack the skills to cite and reference borrowed ideas while conducting research and writing assignments. Such students should not be made to suffer the consequences but should instead be given another chance to do the papers again or revise the mistakes on the marked assignments for a limited number of times after which the decis ion to fail them is reached.  

On the job Ethics - Sex and Alcohol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On the job Ethics - Sex and Alcohol - Essay Example Such principles include providing accurate information, using morally correct procedures, and restraining from any inappropriate behavior towards co-workers or any other party, etc. While all professions require the implementation of job ethics, this consideration may be exceptionally essential for the media industry or any institution, which is seeking to provide the public with news regarding an important social issue. The AMA wished to impart important information to the public regarding â€Å"risky behavior† on the part of college students during spring break. In order to do this, they conducted a survey in which they measured factors such as alcohol availability and sexual activity. Both of these issues are serious issues prevalent in western societies and do require sufficient â€Å"national attention†. However, a question does arise when considering the appropriate and ethical way of grasping public interest and attention. While the AMA may argue that they had th e public’s best interests at heart and thought it unnecessary to mention the details of the survey and the procedure; a responsibility does exist on their part of providing accurate and honest information. ... e authentic and accurate in all their findings, and once the public is led to believe that some of the studies and results published by the AMA are inaccurate or have been falsely construed, they will less likely believe any other findings published by the AMA in future periods. Concealing information or knowingly giving false perceptions is also considered misleading. Hence the AMA’s alibi of aiming to get â€Å"national† attention does not justify the means they used to do it. Issues, such as alcohol and sexual activity are important and highly sensitive social issues, especially among college students and the young generation. Hence, providing falsified or exaggerated results regarding such behavior may result in public unrest or serious concern on the part of parents and other family members regarding the activities that their young college student is involved in. Providing the public with a high percentage of college students who feel forced into sex during spring break trips is a grave matter of concern for the public, and provided that they assume the survey is based on a scientific procedure, this may cause them further concern. Although such issues do prevail in society and the survey maybe providing an accurate picture of the opinions of the participants, it does not accurately measure the behavior of college students on spring break. Hence, the survey lacks validity and reliability, which are two conditions that must be met by a survey or questionnaire in order to prove its authenticity. One can term the news release as misleading because it failed to say that these percentages were of the opinions of self- selected participants rather than the actual behavior of the selected sample. The AMA’s answer does not justify the means and it shows that the AMA

Business Communication Diary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Business Communication Diary - Essay Example The various key concepts may include building goodwill practical, concise, clear, factual, and persuasive concepts among the involved parties. The proper practice of the above elements brings about an effective communication between the involved individuals. Clear communication being the key to each and every effective undertaking needs to be enhanced in order to facilitate the growth and expansion of the different ideological methodologies used in different categories. Communication needs to be more persuasive in order to make the involved individuals more satisfied in their discussion. With the satisfaction of the parties involved such as the customers, there is the retention of the customers thus earning the business loyalty which is a key element in enhancing the growth of business goodwill (Bovel, Courtland, and John, 50). Transparency in any communication is another key factor in enabling effective communication to take place between parties because it fosters and endeavours finding the truthiness of the matter to avoid deceit hence creating trust between the parties involved. In analysing the prevailing operations, various discrepancies were encountered among them being the transparency from the different personnel involved. The fact that communication is at times hectic, analysing the available situations makes it easier for the solving of the available issues on the time they are encountered. The total interpretation of the issue makes it easier for the discussion to be held. The analysis of an issue helps in coming up with the most crucial factors to be considered in the discussion thus making the communication much more coherent. On the comparison of the done analysis on the different undertakings, proper analysis brings in more information to the individuals thus enhancing the under stability of the issues being talked about. Analysing any issue makes it easier to have the discussion much lively as the involved

Students Caught Cheating or Plagiarizing Should Be Dismissed From Essay - 7

Students Caught Cheating or Plagiarizing Should Be Dismissed From College - Essay Example The present research has identified that plagiarism is an academic offense, which occurs when students copy information from materials written by other people and fail to acknowledge by citing and referencing sources of the information. This may be for example lifting texts from the internet and handing it over for marking, or purchasing papers from writers, with the intent of earning higher marks or beating deadlines for handing in their assignments (Harris 2007). Lecturers, who do not take an effort to verify the integrity of the assignments, end up awarding the high marks and believing that their students are bright while in the real sense, the opposite is true. The real essence of writing exams is to establish the capacity of the students and to take stock of the progress made in the course of learning. As such, results based on plagiarized assignments can never offer the right quality of graduates and this may have a negative effect on the kind of workforce a country depends on economic growth. It is therefore imperative to punish students caught cheating or plagiarizing in order to deter others who may be tempted to do the same. Dismissing such students from college is a viable punishment, which should be adopted by all institutions. On the other hand, there are people who feel that dismissing students from college for cheating and plagiarism is an inhumane punishment, especially for first-time offenders. They argue that there are better ways of dealing with such cases, for example failing a student in the affected subject. It is important to understand that not all plagiarism cases are intentional. According to them, students may lack the skills to cite and reference borrowed ideas while conducting research and writing assignments. Such students should not be made to suffer the consequences but should instead be given another chance to do the papers again or revise the mistakes on the marked assignments for a limited number of times after which the decis ion to fail them is reached.  

Business Communication Diary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Business Communication Diary - Essay Example The various key concepts may include building goodwill practical, concise, clear, factual, and persuasive concepts among the involved parties. The proper practice of the above elements brings about an effective communication between the involved individuals. Clear communication being the key to each and every effective undertaking needs to be enhanced in order to facilitate the growth and expansion of the different ideological methodologies used in different categories. Communication needs to be more persuasive in order to make the involved individuals more satisfied in their discussion. With the satisfaction of the parties involved such as the customers, there is the retention of the customers thus earning the business loyalty which is a key element in enhancing the growth of business goodwill (Bovel, Courtland, and John, 50). Transparency in any communication is another key factor in enabling effective communication to take place between parties because it fosters and endeavours finding the truthiness of the matter to avoid deceit hence creating trust between the parties involved. In analysing the prevailing operations, various discrepancies were encountered among them being the transparency from the different personnel involved. The fact that communication is at times hectic, analysing the available situations makes it easier for the solving of the available issues on the time they are encountered. The total interpretation of the issue makes it easier for the discussion to be held. The analysis of an issue helps in coming up with the most crucial factors to be considered in the discussion thus making the communication much more coherent. On the comparison of the done analysis on the different undertakings, proper analysis brings in more information to the individuals thus enhancing the under stability of the issues being talked about. Analysing any issue makes it easier to have the discussion much lively as the involved

Health promotion Essay Example for Free

Health promotion Essay Diversity among individuals, as well as cultures, provides a challenge for nurses when it comes to delivering meaningful health promotion and illness prevention-based education. How do teaching principles, varied learning styles (for both nurses and patients), and teaching methodologies impact the approach to education? How do health care providers overcome differing points of view regarding health promotion and disease prevention? Provide an exampleAccess to health care to obtain a complete physical examination before starting to exercise and the quality of the work or neighborhood environment available for exercise can contribute to success or failure of this objective. This objective is related to other objectives such as nutrition, obesity, and stroke prevention. Additionally, current knowledge about physical activity and specific populations was considered when creating the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Women, low-income populations, Black and Hispanic people, people with disabilities, and those older than age 75 exercise less than do White men with moderate-to-high incomes (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2012). These health disparities can influence the number of people in these groups who develop high cholesterol or high blood pressure measurements, which further increases their risk of heart disease and stroke. Although this objective addresses adults, other objectives address the need for beginning exercise activities at an early age and encouraging young adults to be actively engaged in exercise. How might this objective be adjusted to the needs of an older adult population? (Edelman 7) Edelman, Carole, Elizabeth Kudzma, Carol Mandle. Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span, 8th Edition. Mosby, 2014. VitalBook file.

Product Profile of a Plastic Shopping Bag (HDPE)

Product Profile of a Plastic Shopping Bag (HDPE) Samantha Pearson Plastic shopping bags/carry bags are used extensively in todays’ world. They are produced in many different sizes and colours, determined by its purpose and marketing campaign of the purchasing firm/industry. Carry bags are made of plastic that is flexible and relatively tough1. The plastic is identified as High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), indicated by the Voluntary Plastic Container Coding System2 (used to identify different plastics for recycling) on the carry bag itself. High Density Polyethylene is listed as 2 on the coding system2. How HDPE is made Polyethylene is made of monomers of ethylene. Monomers of ethylene are obtained from petroleum through a cracking process or by modifying natural gas such as methane or ethane3. Polyethylene can be made into three different types of polymers under different conditions, namely High Density Polyethylene, Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE). High Density Polyethylene is produced from petroleum and under low pressure conditions (pressure of about 10-80atm) 3 whereas Low Density Polyethylene is produced under high pressure conditions. At the higher end of the low pressure and higher temperatures (about 80atm and 60-200 °C) a Phillips catalyst is used to create an active site for polymerisation6. The process that uses the Phillips catalyst is known as the Phillip Process. The Phillips process was made industrial by Phillips Petroleum Company in 19614. A Phillips catalyst is a highly active catalyst made of chromium oxide on silica with a high surface area. The active site is the chromium carbon bond where the transitional metal (chromium) oxidation state is reduced by a reaction with olefin (a synthetic fibre made from polyethylene) 5 which makes the active site more reactive4. A Phillips catalyst is prepared before it enters the reactor due to the complexity of the silica support that needs to be the correct structure for optimum polymerisation5. In a Phillips process plant an ethylene feed stream is fed into a reactor with a stream of diluted pre-made catalyst. Polymerisation takes place in the reactor and exit s as a slurry. The slurry is then dried and pellets are collected at the end4. The advantage of the Phillips process is that the catalyst does not have to be deactivated or removed from the slurry as the silica base increases the activity of the catalyst and all of the catalyst reacts with the monomer ethylene4. Polyethylene with less branching is produced in this process when compared to the Zeigler Natta catalyst process4. At the lower end of the low pressure and lower temperature (about 1-10atm and 60-70 °C) a Ziegler Natta catalyst is used6. A Ziegler Natta catalyst is a combination of a transition metal compound from Groups IV to VII and a co-catalyst made of an organometallic compound from Groups I to III. In general titanium tetrachloride or titanium (III) chloride and a trialkylaluminum is used7. The catalyst, like the Phillips catalyst, also needs a support with high surface area; magnesium chloride, magnesium chloride or silica as they maximise the surface area and therefore the active sites on the catalyst7. The Zeigler Natta catalyst is prepared in the same reactor as the polymerisation occurs4. In this process; an ethylene feed stream is fed into a reactor with feed streams of metal alkyls and Group IV to VI metals (Titanium) forming the catalyst on its support in the reactor. Slurry exits the reactor where the catalyst is deactivated (to stop chains’ reacting together which keeps t he molecular weight distribution fairly constant). The slurry is then dried and power is collected at the end4. In industry today High Density Polyethylene is produced by slurry polymerisation with a silica base catalyst and the Phillips process is used more often than the Ziegler Natta catalyst process4. Polymerisation Mechanism Polymerisation occurs as a free radical chain-growth reactions. Chain growth reactions occur as successive linking of monomer molecules to the end of the growing chain8 and occur in three stages. Stage one is the initiation stage where a radical reacts with ethylene to produce a monomer radical to continue the reaction8: R†¢ + H2C=CH2 → R-H2C-H2C†¢ [1.1] The rate of initiation is defined by the rate equation: [1.2] Where f is the initiator efficiency, [I] is the molar concentration of the initiator and [M†¢] is the total concentration of all the chain radicals and kd is the rate constant9. Stage two is the propagation stage where monomer radical adds to another monomer radical. The active centre moves to the end of the chain continuously and there is only one active centre at a given time8: R-H2C-H2C†¢ + H2C=CH2 → R-H2C-H2C-H2C-H2C†¢[1.3] The rate of propagation is defined by the rate equation: [1.4] Stage three is the termination stage where chain growth is ended either by two radicals adding together or disproportionation where an atom transfers to another chain9. The rate of termination is defined by the rate equation: [1.5] The overall structure of High Density Polyethylene is: Figure 1: Structure of Polyethylene10 Figure 2: Structural Formula of Polyethylene10 Morphology of HDPE and how it suits a carry bag application High Density Polyethylene is very few short branches, if any. This results in the polymer being more crystalline than amorphous and in some areas of the polymer, it may be crystalline. The glass transition temperature (when the material becomes amorphous) of HDPE is -100 °C and the melting transition temperature (when the material turns to a liquid phase) is 130 °C11. These temperatures make HDPE an ideal polymer to make carry bags out of as the temperature that it is used in is never/rarely over and below these ranges. HDPE has significantly different properties to other polymers made in similar ways (LDPE and LLDPE). HDPE is flexible, translucent, and weatherproof; a good resistance to chemicals, relatively tough (has a tensile strength of 0.20-0.40 N/mm2)1. HDPE has a thermal coefficient of expansion of 100-20010-6 and a density of between 0.944 and 0.965g/cm3.1 The properties above are all suited for the application of High Density Polyethylene carry bags. A good tensile strength allows for relatively heavy objects to be placed into the bag without it breaking, small amounts of heat does not change its properties, it is weatherproof, allowing it to get wet with no changes to its properties, the flexibility allows for easy use, storage and functionality whereby it can be cut to create handles. A translucent appearance allows for it the plastic to be coloured as the produces seem fit which they can use for advertising purposes and make the final product aesthetically appealing if its purpose needs to be. How the finished product is made High Density Polyethylene pellets are sold by the firm that owns the plant to a manufacturer that produces plastic shopping bags/carry bags. The pellets are melted and mixed until they are completely homogenous mixture. The mixture is then heated to above 350 °C in a furnace12. The melted mixture vaporises into a tube made of the same mixture (but solid) situated above the furnace and gradually cools down the higher up the tube the vapour gets, where it condenses. Rollers flatten out the tube resulting in a film thin HDPE. While in the rolling area of the process, the film is cut to the desired/required thickness and collected on a roll. The thickness of the roll of thin plastic film is dependent on the manufacturing specifications (each roll roughly produces 35000 bags12) and is cut and a new roll starts forming automatically. The completed roll moves onto printing, where the thin film gets a specific colour/pattern dependent on the consumer. Alcohol based ink (which has to keep flowing to retain its viscosity rate – to ensure the same concentration is used and all the bags are identical) is used to print on these thin films12. Ink is transferred onto the film by ink rollers. Once printing is done, it is once again rolled up. The printed film then moves to another department where it is cut into the specified sizes and a machine with a punch, punches holes on the one side to make handles. And a sealing machine binds the edges of the bag together through heat12. Additives added to the final product In some cases to increase the tensile strength of the plastic (for heavy duty carry bags), Low Density Polyethylene may be added to the pellets of HDPE during the melting stage12. Alcohol based ink is added to give the product aesthetic appeal. Biodegradable additives such as prodegradant concentrates (PDC’s) 13 which are metal compounds which help the oxidation process of degrading plastic, added to make plastic bags more environmentally friendly. Due to the application of the product, additives such as UV stabilisers are not needed and plasticisers are not needed due to the flexibility property HDPE already has. Alternative materials to make the product Due to polymers being an environmental hazard, shopping bags/carry bags have been made with brown paper (paper bags). However this does not have the desired properties as they break easily and are not weatherproof and they do not have any chemical resistance to them. Advantages of using HDPE High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is a polyethylene thermoplastic. Thermoplastics soften, when heated, to a liquid and flow and harden, when cooled, to a solid. They can undergo this heating and cooling cycle (curing process) which little to no change in the final product – the process is reversible as no chemical bonds are formed or broken14. This results in the plastic being easily recycled. The product can be aesthetically modified. Remoulding and reshaping can be done to them14. Weatherproof and chemically resistant High-impact resistance Light weight Disadvantages of using HDPE HDPE is not biodegradable. Due to their light weight they can blow away in the wind and travel relatively far, causing pollution and many environmental hazards to living organisms. If heated they will melt Thermoplastics tend to me more expensive than thermosets14 Recycling HDPE needs an economic incentive as it can be more expensive to recycle plastic than to make new ones2. References British Plastics Federation. (2015). Polyethylene (High Density) HDPE. Available: http://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/HDPE.aspx. Last accessed 2015/05/20. P Gaylard. (2009). Lecture 1. Polymer Science. University of Witwatersrand. p. 5, 27. P Lepoutre. The Manufacture of Polyethylene. Available: http://nzic.org.nz/ChemProcesses/polymers/10J.pdf. Last accessed 2015/05/20. Buffalo School. High Density Polyethylene. Available: http://wwwcourses.sens.buffalo.edu/ce435/Polyethylene/CE435Kevin.htm. Last accessed 2015/05/20. KBR. (2015). Olefins. Available: http://www.kbr.com/Technologies/Olefins/. Last accessed 2015/05/20. P Gaylard. (2009). Lecture 10. Polymer Science. University of Witwatersrand. p. 3. P Gaylard. (2009). Lecture 8. Polymer Science. University of Witwatersrand. p. 9-12. P Gaylard. (2009). Lecture 2. Polymer Science. University of Witwatersrand. p. 3. P Gaylard. (2009). Lecture 6. Polymer Science. University of Witwatersrand. p. 23-33. Macrog. Polyethylene. Available: http://pslc.ws/macrog/pe.htm Last accessed 2015/05/20. Michigan State University. (2013). Polymers. Available: http://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/polymers.htm. Last accessed 2015/05/20. Discovery Channel (2010). How it’s made Plastic Bag Episode. Available: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CfL5xl2N1Q Last Accessed: 2015/05/20 Maria Trimarchi Vicki M. Giuggio. (2009). Top 10 Eco-friendly Substitutes for Plastic. Available: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-tech/sustainable/5-plastic-substitutes.htm#page=3. Last accessed 2015/05/20 Mordor Plastics. (2015). Thermosets vs Thermoplastics. Available: http://www.modorplastics.com/thermoset-vs-thermoplastics. Last accessed 2015/05/20. 2015

Progressivism and Philosophy :: Teaching Teachers Education Essays

Progressivism and Philosophy It has often been said that it takes a whole village to educate a child. Children learn from watching others, working with others, and experiencing first hand the whole realm of learning. Most children are born inquisitive and eager to learn. Preschoolers and early childhood learners are in the discovery mode and must be allowed to experience the relevancy of learning. Public education is the joint effort of teachers and community to provide learning for children. Teachers must have a specific role with specific goals to accomplish the best results. These goals can be achieved by applying certain teaching methods and classroom management skills. Children learn better in a well-disciplined (controlled) environment that provides the appropriate curriculum for each grade level. Reading, writing, and arithmetic – the core classes – are essential to the foundation of a child’s education. Without these skills, children would not be able to excel in the â€Å"real† world or progress to each level of learning. Furthermore, education should address each students other needs and interests. Since children learn at a different rate or have different interests as to how they learn, it is important that I, as a teacher, be willing to use as many strategies as needed to reach each child. Teach them to read and write and do math computations, but also help them to learn in the areas of art, science, social sciences and music. It will be my job to recognize the needs of my students and teach them the not only basic skills but also creative ones so that they will have a well-rounded curriculum and develop a positive attitude towards learning. I want them to develop a â€Å"want to† desire for active participation in future learning. Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy that has children helping children to learn. It aids in developing leadership, cooperation, creativity, and teamwork – all essential elements in the real world. Using community resources and volunteers will provide variety in the daily routine of school and strengthen the â€Å"want to† attitude of children to get actively involved in learning. It is my opinion that the classroom has gotten to be too â€Å"technical†.

Theodicy and Dostoevskys The Brothers Karamazov Essay -- The Brothers

Theodicy and Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov The problem of reconciling an omnipotent, perfectly just, perfectly benevolent god with a world full of evil and suffering has plagued believers since the beginning of religious thought. Atheists often site this paradox in order to demonstrate that such a god cannot exist and, therefore, that theism is an invalid position. Theodicy is a branch of philosophy that seeks to defend religion by reconciling the supposed existence of an omnipotent, perfectly just God with the presence of evil and suffering in the world. In fact, the word â€Å"theodicy† consists of the Greek words â€Å"theos,† or God, and â€Å"dike,† or justice (Knox 1981, 1). Thus, theodicy seeks to find a sense of divine justice in a world filled with suffering. Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky was among those philosophical thinkers who grappled with the task of explaining why evil exists in a world created by a perfect god. Despite the powerful influence of Christianity in his early childhood and throughout his life, Dostoevsky encountered difficulties in answering this question, which he described, â€Å"Nature, the soul, God, love – all this is understood by the heart, not by the mind† (Gibson 1973, 9). Nevertheless, Dostoevsky not only felt obligated to discover a solution to the problem, but also â€Å"responsible to his fellow believers for its success or failure† (Gibson 1973, 169). This quest for a solution to the problem of theodicy ultimately led Dostoevsky to write The Brothers Karamazov, a novel that attempts to explain the need for evil in the world. In posing his solution to this problem, Dostoevsky explains the necessity of suffering for the realization of human redemption, as well as the role of Chris t’s atoneme... ... Christ and for his role in overcoming evil and suffering, and with the idea that the negative effects of suffering can be countered by compassionate love of others. Works Cited Bakhtin, Mikhail. Problyemi tvorchestva Dostoevskogo. Kiev: Next, 1994. Dostoyevsky, Fyodor. The Brothers Karamazov. Trans. Constance Garnett. New York: Signet Classic, 1986. Gibson, A. Boyce. The Religion of Dostoevsky. London: SCM Press Ltd, 1973. Hansen, Bruce. â€Å"Dostoevsky’s Theodicy.† Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, 1996. At . accessed 18 November 2001. Knox, John. â€Å"The Problem of Evil and Suffering.† At . 18 November 2001. Kraeger, Linda, and Joe Barnhart. 1992. Dostoevsky on Evil and Atonement. Lampeter, Dyfed, Wales: The Edwin Mellen Press, Ltd.

Glass Industry in Turkey

When glass industry in Turkey is analyzed, it is observed that there are middle and small sized firms, work places at workshop levels in very limited numbers and a dominant producer, Tà ¼rkiye ÅžiÅŸe ve Cam FabrikalarÄ ± TopluluÄŸu. More than 90% of the annual production of market is met by ÅžiÅŸecam. Although there are no law and arbitration barriers to enter to the glass market, firms hesitate to enter since glass industry requires continuous production with high capacity and continuous investment and raw materials in Turkey are not in high quality and the amount of their reserves in Turkey are declining day by day, namely the industry is becoming more costly and risky. Furthermore, diminishing returns in the short-run increase marginal cost of glass production as the necessity of innovation and continuous production makes producer buy more technological and faster machines and equipment but the staff cannot use them efficiently for a definite period, which increase total cost and marginal cost but not brings about same increase in output levels. Decline in quality of raw materials also explains the diminishing returns and rising marginal costs. The buyer range of glass market is extensive as glass is not only used for decoration purposes and used as kitchen utensils but also it is used as an input in construction, food, furniture, white goods, medicine, soft drinks, automotive and electrical-electronics industries. In addition, glass plays an important role in these industries as the producers of these industries cannot substitute any other input for glass in some parts of their production processes. The representative of glass market in Turkey, ÅžiÅŸecam can determine the price or quantity of its products. As ÅžiÅŸecam is a price maker, not a price taker it is more likely that it will try set a price resulting in profit maximization which is not too high or too low and makes marginal revenue equals to marginal cost. It worths mentioning that ÅžiÅŸecam can determine either price or quantity, not both of them. When one of them is set, the other will be determined by demand curve. However, price and quantity are not the sole components that ÅžiÅŸecam can play with. ÅžiÅŸecam tries to catch the trend in technology in abroad by establishing joint-ventures with foreign firms in order to innovate itself, improve the product design and product diversity. In addition, as a result of its marketing strategy, ÅžiÅŸecam sells its trifles and kitchen utensils in PaÅŸabahà §e Stores which are located in strategic places of Ä °stanbul, Ankara, Ä °zmir, Adana, Antalya, Bursa, Mersin, Denizli, Bodrum, and Marmaris. ÅžiÅŸecam also seeks an expansionary policy in abroad. It has two firms in Bulgaria and Georgia and representative offices in Germany, Russia, China, Hong Kong and Austria. Though ÅžiÅŸecam states its strategic goal as ‘keeping the leading position in the country, increasing foreign sales, climbing the ranks of glass production statistics and producing in an environmentally friendly way’, it is clear that the primary objective of a firm is to maximize its profits as the theory of firm implies and the objective of ÅžiÅŸecam is to maximize its profit in the short-run by trying to equate its marginal revenue and marginal cost. ÅžiÅŸecam is not afraid of possibility of sharing its short run economic profits with the other firms since it is the sole firm in glass industry in Turkey. All in all, when we analyze glass industry in Turkey on the basis of number of sellers, cost conditions, number of buyers, demand conditions, strategic variables, objective function and expectation of rivals’ reactions, we can conclude that the market structure of glass industry is monopoly. ÅžiÅŸecam is the monopolist of glass industry since it is the sole producer in the marker except for a few enterprises but there are many buyers of its products, its marginal costs increase due to diminishing returns in the short-run, it can use price, quantity, product design, distribution channels as strategic variables, the objective of the firm is profit maximization in the short-run and it has no expectation of rivals’ reaction as there is no rival in the industry.

Research on Liquid Waste Management Essay

The topic we are selected for our research is â€Å"LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENTS IN VAGAMON†. This topic has a wide scope for research. In order to conduct an exploratory research, we will start doing the location analysis. For that we will collect data on the population, households, population density, factories, labours, sanitation, water reserves†¦etc. Based on the data collected, we select a sample frame where the population density is high and which will be a true representative of vagamon as a whole. In order to find out the objectives of descriptive research, we will frame a questionnaire to find out the problems they are facing due to liquid wastes in their daily lives. Read Also:  What Topics Can Be Good to Do an Exploratory Essay? Based on the similar answers, we will set the objectives for the descriptive study. Next step of exploratory research will be conducted inside the factory and its premises. We will frame a questionnaire for the factory personnel to be answered to find out the liquid wastes the factories are producing and how they are processed. Then we will be conducting an exploratory research among the people living in the factory premises and will find out how the liquid wastes affecting their lives. By integrating all data collected from factories, households, and the secondary data collected from the village authorities, we will set objectives for the descriptive research. The steps for our research is 1. Collect the details of households, population, factory’s from panchayat. 2. Collect the details about the existing rules & regulations followed by panchayat for controlling the liquid waste. 3. Collect the details about the existing sanitation facilities exist in households & factory’s. The main objectives of our descriptive research are 1. To find out the various liquid waste management techniques presently using by the households and factory’s. 2. To know about the efficiency of current liquid waste management. 3. To know whether the waste water affect the public health. 4. To know about the opinion of people about the recycling of waste water.

Body Shop Proposal

A. This is because they choose to focus on targeting working adults which is leaned towards a mature image and does not appeals to teens. B. They will lose the potential to increase their sales volume if this continues. II. There are three main possible themes that we would like to propose. A. Firstly, â€Å"Fire† will be emphasising on the strong yet feminine aspects of the product. B. Secondly, â€Å"Earth† will bring attention on the environmentally-friendly nature of the products C. And lastly, the â€Å"Air† theme showcases the comfort level of the products. D. This is a proposal for an advertisement spread in Seventeen selling The Body Shop Bath Body products. ?There is a choice of three themes for the campaign, â€Å"Fire†, â€Å"Earth†, and â€Å"Water†. The recommended products for the 4-ad campaign are to be bath shower gel, body lotion, body butter, and body scrub. P2: Potential (3 paras) I. The Body Shop is currently lacking of advertisement directed to teenagers. A. For a cosmetics retail company, The Body Shop noticeably lacks of photographs of models with beautiful hair and perfect skin, which would attract attention of teenagers. B. Currently, The Body Shop is targeting working adults and the advertisement that they made is leaned more towards a mature image. This image does not appeal to teenagers. II. The Body Shop does not appeal to teenagers and in doing so, it loses a huge number of potential customers. A. Teenagers are not attracted to The Body Shop because of a lack of celebrity representation. B. With the lack of advertisement, targeted audience will not be encourage to trial purchase, brand switch and develop brand loyalty towards The Body Shop. III. Sales would be greatly boosted if The Body Shop were able to appeal to teenagers. A. The Body Shop will be able to maximise it’s profits because Singaporeans teenagers aged 15-19 are very willing to spend money on body products. B. Products such as body products could easily allow the consumer to develop brand loyalty towards the brand because they would have develop a habit for using our brand’s product. This results in repeated purchases and promotes sales in long term. P3: Possibilities (3 paras) I. The first theme, â€Å"Fire† theme will emphasize the strong yet feminine aspects of the product. A. â€Å"Fire† will pitch the products in a sexy yet elegant way, appealing to girls who want to be seen as confident and independent women. B. For example, in the Body butter advertisement, we can feature a model clad in only lingerie and high heels and applying body butter on her body. This would suggest that one would feel confident with their body after using our products. The main colour of this advertisement will be red, black and white to give off a Parisian feel, which represents elegance, yet at the same time emphasizes on the fiery and bold aspects of the theme. II. The second theme, â€Å"Earth† will focus attention on the environmentally friendly nature of the products. A. Products would come across as environmental and relaxing under the â€Å"Earth† theme and would appeal to both males and females because it makes them feel comfortable. B. The advertisement for bath shower gel portray a model unwinding in a bathtub full of soapy water, implying that she had just used the product and suggest that one would feel relaxed after using the product. The background of this advertisement could be a natural setting filled with trees and plants to emphasize on the nature aspects of the theme. III. The third theme, the â€Å"Air† theme, will showcase the comfort level of the products. A. Under the â€Å"Air† theme, products would be pitch as simple yet lasting comfort, appealing to both genders because of the theme’s purity and freshness. B. One example of a body lotion advertisement under the â€Å"Air† theme is to do a compare and contrast of a model who applied the body lotion in the morning and the same model looking energetic and fresh at night to represent the lasting effects and the comfort level can be seen through the model’s cheerful appearance. The advertisement would be in pastel colours to emphasize on the theme’s purity. P4: Proposal (3 paras) I. We have decided to go with the â€Å"Earth† theme because it highlights the key feature of our product and will be effective in attracting our target audience’s interest. A. The Body Shop unique selling point is being environmentally friendly and it is also what the audience associate The Body Shop with. By going along with this theme, audience are able to identify The Body Shop because our concept will be consistent. B. B. Our target audience have a very hectic lifestyle and by portraying a product, which comes across as relaxing to them is a very feasible idea because it is what the target audience need and that is also what they are looking for. This will thus increase sales of the products. II. We have rejected the â€Å"Fire† theme because it doesn’t specifically appeals to our target audiences. A. The â€Å"Fire† theme might seem over-mature to our target audiences and they would not want to be associated with such image. B. The â€Å"Fire† theme might also be inappropriate and clashes with The Body Shop image because The Body Shop has always emphasize that beauty can be achieve even without baring a lot of skin. II. We have also rejected the â€Å"Air† theme because it’s concept is very common in Body products. A. The concept of comfort in a body product is not unique and thus, would not be effective in attracting the targeted audience as it doesn’t stand out. B. Audiences are easily able to find cheaper alternatives with the same benefits. *Total number of paras: 11 (do not create any more paragraphs†¦ it’s 11, no more, no fewer) Body Shop Proposal A. This is because they choose to focus on targeting working adults which is leaned towards a mature image and does not appeals to teens. B. They will lose the potential to increase their sales volume if this continues. II. There are three main possible themes that we would like to propose. A. Firstly, â€Å"Fire† will be emphasising on the strong yet feminine aspects of the product. B. Secondly, â€Å"Earth† will bring attention on the environmentally-friendly nature of the products C. And lastly, the â€Å"Air† theme showcases the comfort level of the products. D. This is a proposal for an advertisement spread in Seventeen selling The Body Shop Bath Body products. ?There is a choice of three themes for the campaign, â€Å"Fire†, â€Å"Earth†, and â€Å"Water†. The recommended products for the 4-ad campaign are to be bath shower gel, body lotion, body butter, and body scrub. P2: Potential (3 paras) I. The Body Shop is currently lacking of advertisement directed to teenagers. A. For a cosmetics retail company, The Body Shop noticeably lacks of photographs of models with beautiful hair and perfect skin, which would attract attention of teenagers. B. Currently, The Body Shop is targeting working adults and the advertisement that they made is leaned more towards a mature image. This image does not appeal to teenagers. II. The Body Shop does not appeal to teenagers and in doing so, it loses a huge number of potential customers. A. Teenagers are not attracted to The Body Shop because of a lack of celebrity representation. B. With the lack of advertisement, targeted audience will not be encourage to trial purchase, brand switch and develop brand loyalty towards The Body Shop. III. Sales would be greatly boosted if The Body Shop were able to appeal to teenagers. A. The Body Shop will be able to maximise it’s profits because Singaporeans teenagers aged 15-19 are very willing to spend money on body products. B. Products such as body products could easily allow the consumer to develop brand loyalty towards the brand because they would have develop a habit for using our brand’s product. This results in repeated purchases and promotes sales in long term. P3: Possibilities (3 paras) I. The first theme, â€Å"Fire† theme will emphasize the strong yet feminine aspects of the product. A. â€Å"Fire† will pitch the products in a sexy yet elegant way, appealing to girls who want to be seen as confident and independent women. B. For example, in the Body butter advertisement, we can feature a model clad in only lingerie and high heels and applying body butter on her body. This would suggest that one would feel confident with their body after using our products. The main colour of this advertisement will be red, black and white to give off a Parisian feel, which represents elegance, yet at the same time emphasizes on the fiery and bold aspects of the theme. II. The second theme, â€Å"Earth† will focus attention on the environmentally friendly nature of the products. A. Products would come across as environmental and relaxing under the â€Å"Earth† theme and would appeal to both males and females because it makes them feel comfortable. B. The advertisement for bath shower gel portray a model unwinding in a bathtub full of soapy water, implying that she had just used the product and suggest that one would feel relaxed after using the product. The background of this advertisement could be a natural setting filled with trees and plants to emphasize on the nature aspects of the theme. III. The third theme, the â€Å"Air† theme, will showcase the comfort level of the products. A. Under the â€Å"Air† theme, products would be pitch as simple yet lasting comfort, appealing to both genders because of the theme’s purity and freshness. B. One example of a body lotion advertisement under the â€Å"Air† theme is to do a compare and contrast of a model who applied the body lotion in the morning and the same model looking energetic and fresh at night to represent the lasting effects and the comfort level can be seen through the model’s cheerful appearance. The advertisement would be in pastel colours to emphasize on the theme’s purity. P4: Proposal (3 paras) I. We have decided to go with the â€Å"Earth† theme because it highlights the key feature of our product and will be effective in attracting our target audience’s interest. A. The Body Shop unique selling point is being environmentally friendly and it is also what the audience associate The Body Shop with. By going along with this theme, audience are able to identify The Body Shop because our concept will be consistent. B. B. Our target audience have a very hectic lifestyle and by portraying a product, which comes across as relaxing to them is a very feasible idea because it is what the target audience need and that is also what they are looking for. This will thus increase sales of the products. II. We have rejected the â€Å"Fire† theme because it doesn’t specifically appeals to our target audiences. A. The â€Å"Fire† theme might seem over-mature to our target audiences and they would not want to be associated with such image. B. The â€Å"Fire† theme might also be inappropriate and clashes with The Body Shop image because The Body Shop has always emphasize that beauty can be achieve even without baring a lot of skin. II. We have also rejected the â€Å"Air† theme because it’s concept is very common in Body products. A. The concept of comfort in a body product is not unique and thus, would not be effective in attracting the targeted audience as it doesn’t stand out. B. Audiences are easily able to find cheaper alternatives with the same benefits. *Total number of paras: 11 (do not create any more paragraphs†¦ it’s 11, no more, no fewer)